Vákuum: Rozdiel medzi revíziami
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== Iné |
== Iné prwolfteam wolfteam ojekty == |
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wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam |
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Verzia z 11:05, 9. marec 2013
Vákuum alebo vzduchoprázdno je ideálne prázdne prostredie (bez látkovej formy hmoty) alebo reálne prostredie, v ktorom je tlak plynu nižší ako atmosférický tlak.
Podľa kvantovej teórie ani priestor bez akejkoľvek hmoty nie je úplne prázdny, ale prebieha tam veľa procesov (kvantovo-mechanickej fluktuácie, tvorba párov častíc a antičastíc a ich opätovný zánik a pod.). Občas sa hovorí o tzv. energii vákua. Súvisí to aj s princípom neurčitosti.
Rozsahy vákua
| Nízke vákuum | 760 – 25 Torr | 100 kPa – 3,3 kPa |
| Stredné vákuum | 25 – 1×10−3 Torr | 3,3 kPa – 130 mPa |
| Vysoké vákuum | 1×10−3 – 1×10−6 Torr | 130 mPa – 130 µPa |
| Veľmi vysoké vákuum | 1×10−6 -- 1×10−9 Torr | 130 µPa – 130 nPa |
| Ultra vysoké vákuum | 1×10−9 Torr a menej | 130 nPa a menej |
Priemysel vákuum
Vákuum, alebo podtlak je súčasťou mnohých odvetví. Najčastejšie je súčasťou výrobnej technológie. Vákuum sa používa pre zníženie telploty varu pri úprave látok a rafináciu. Podtlak sa používa pri manipulácia ako zdroj prítlaku pre vákuové prísavky a vákuové manipulátory. Vákuum sa ďalej používa pre homogenizáciu materiálov, pri ich výrobe, pre odstránenie bubliniek a zhutňovanie. Vákuum umožňuje preniknutie materiálu do celého objemu látky a výsledná látka je homogénnejšia.
Filozofia
Podľa Aristotela vákuum neexistuje.[1]
Referencie
Iné prwolfteam wolfteam ojekty
Šablóna:Projektwolfteam wolfteamwolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam
Šablóna:Fyzikvwolfteam wolfteam álny výhonokwolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam
Kategówolfteam wolfteam wolfteam ria:Fyzika wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam wolfteam